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Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris is said to be announcing her vice presidential candidate imminently, and major have homed in on a few top candidates: Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro, Arizona Sen. Mark Kelly, Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz, and Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg among them.

口袋女优 examined the healthcare track records of each of these candidates, finding common threads on topics including support of abortion rights and the need to tackle high drug prices.

Here's where they stand on popular healthcare issues, along with some of their personal ties to health policy.

Josh Shapiro

Shapiro, a moderate Democrat , took office in January 2023 after 2 decades in government.

In 2022, Shapiro beat Doug Mastriano, a state senator and Republican Trump ally, by framing the race as , winning the vote with the that year.

In July, Shapiro by filing a notice in a lawsuit in the Commonwealth Court, explaining that Pennsylvania will not defend a state law banning Medicaid coverage for abortion services because it forces women to shoulder an unsustainable burden and it violates the state's constitution.

"As Governor, I will always uphold our state's constitution and protect a woman's right to make decisions over her own body and have the healthcare services she needs," he said.

He proposed investing $100 million and another $100 million to address gun violence in his 2024-2025 budget request, with more than a third of the latter funding dedicated to the , according to a .

Shapiro also has urged the General Assembly to pass legislation banning untraceable and unregulated "" and requiring background checks.

The Pennsylvania governor has also made tackling high healthcare costs and ensuring access to care a priority. He signed legislation and in February, he floated a plan to use $4 million in state funding to for thousands of Pennsylvanians. In July, Shapiro signed -- middlemen that decide which drugs are covered by insurers and what costs patients pay for medications.

"Pennsylvanians are getting screwed by the high cost of prescription drugs and too many rural pharmacies have been forced to close their doors, while the few PBMs that dominate the market are raking in billions," Shapiro said in a statement.

As attorney general in 2019, Shapiro between UPMC Health System and Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield, preventing massive disruptions to patient care for Pittsburgh residents and those in other parts of Western Pennsylvania.

In December 2022, he also helped with CVS and Walgreens as part of a multi-state investigation into the pharmaceutical industry over its role in the opioid epidemic. The $2.2 billion earmarked for Pennsylvania out of the total $54.1 billion settlements will be used to invest in more recovery beds, to link patients to care, to ensure patients can secure housing after leaving treatment facilities, and to pay substance use disorder professionals more, Shapiro said in a

As a child, Shapiro where his father served as a medical officer. His mother worked as an educator. He credits his parents with inspiring him to a career in public service.

If elected, Shapiro would be the nation's first Jewish vice president.

Mark Kelly

The Democratic senator from Arizona is generally seen as middle-of-the-road on most issues. On abortion, for example, he aligns with the party's pro-choice stance, as mentioned in , which says he wants to codify Roe v. Wade into federal law. "We've got to get these rights back," he said at a news conference held shortly after he toured Planned Parenthood Arizona's Tempe clinic. "We've got to codify Roe at the federal level," he said. "I think that is truly the path forward."

Kelly has also spoken out about (IVF); his wife, former Arizona Democratic congresswoman Gabby Giffords, had been 2 days after she was shot and seriously injured outside a Tucson, Arizona, supermarket. He has cosponsored bills that would as well as .

Kelly also supports laws to curb gun violence. "I'm a gun owner. I'm a supporter of the Second Amendment, but we make it so easy for irresponsible people and criminals to get access to firearms," Kelly said during a on "Face the Nation." "How about more background checks?"

In other areas of healthcare, Kelly recently touted $3 million of infrastructure money that the federal government was granting to Arizona to support 359 Public Health AmeriCorps workers coming to the state. "These investments will provide much needed support for the essential health care workers across our state," Kelly . "By strengthening our public health workforce, we are bolstering the quality and accessibility of care for everyone in Arizona."

Regarding Medicare, Kelly to increase access to plasma-based medicines under the Medicare Part D program and also signed onto a bill tightening requirements for use of prior authorization in the Medicare Advantage program. At the same time, Kelly "fought against efforts by the Medicare agency to undermine [the Medicare Advantage] program with harmful cuts and other changes," .

Tim Walz

Walz was first elected Governor of Minnesota in 2018 and won reelection in 2022. Prior to this tenure, the former National Guard member and high school educator served six terms in Congress as a member of the House. During that time, he represented a rural part of Minnesota that had .

In Congress, Walz took up issues affecting veterans, including mental health and pain management, . For instance, he research on the safety and effectiveness of medical cannabis in treating veterans diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic pain.

Walz has also sided with reproductive rights and issues affecting the LGBTQ+ community.

In April 2023, as Governor of Minnesota, Walz protecting individuals seeking or providing abortions in the state, banning the practice of conversion therapy, and protecting people seeking or providing gender-affirming care.

"Today, we're protecting the rights of Minnesotans and making sure our state remains a place where people have the freedom to get the care they need to live their fullest lives," Walz stated at the time. "We're also protecting young and vulnerable Minnesotans from the harmful and discredited practice of conversion therapy. We're putting up a firewall to ensure Minnesotans have the freedom to make their own healthcare decisions."

Additionally, during his tenure as Governor, Walz universal free meals for students.

He has also pushed for 100% clean electricity in Minnesota by 2040, as well as created a statewide paid leave program, legalized marijuana for adults, and passed stricter gun laws, the .

And back in 2020, Walz aimed at providing relief to Minnesotans struggling to afford their insulin.

Walz has, however, received criticism and pushback from Republicans regarding his COVID-19 response, according to the Star-Tribune, including nursing home deaths in the state, and shutdown orders that affected businesses and schools.

Recently, speaking on CNN, Walz responded to additional criticisms that some may view him as being too liberal, .

"What a monster!" Walz reportedly quipped. "Kids are eating and having full bellies so they can go learn and women are making their own healthcare decisions ... So, if that's where they want to label me, I'm more than happy to take the label."

Pete Buttigieg

While Transportation Secretary Buttigieg is considered a long-shot at being Harris' running mate, he's been stumping for her and is one of the most visible members of the Democratic party today.

Much of what we know about Buttigieg's healthcare positions comes from his attempted run for the presidency in 2020. At the time, his "" plan drew lots of attention, as it was a more moderate version than the "Medicare for all" plan supported by further-left members of the party.

The plan supported an optional government insurance plan, into which the uninsured would automatically be enrolled. People would be able to keep their employer-sponsored insurance if they chose.

Buttigieg also wanted to expand federal subsidies for private insurance purchased on Affordable Care Act marketplaces, to limit out-of-pocket costs for traditional Medicare, and to cap patients' out-of-network charges at two times the Medicare rate.

Perhaps Buttigieg's most radical healthcare policy was his , which called for forcing drugmakers to give up as much as 95% of a drug's revenue if it refused to negotiate on prices. "Worst offender" companies could also forfeit patent rights under the plan, according to at the time. Buttigieg also supported using march-in rights for the federal government to produce generic drugs that are still patent-protected.

Buttigieg clearly supports abortion rights with few limits, as was made evident in a that garnered attention for how Buttigieg answered questions about late-in-pregnancy abortions. He noted that the proportion of third-trimester abortions is exceedingly small, at less than 1% of all abortions each year – and when they do occur, it's typically due to a serious fetal anomaly or for the health of the woman.

"Let's put ourselves in the shoes of a woman in that situation," Buttigieg said. "Families ... get the most devastating medical news of their lifetime ... That decision is not going to be made any better, medically or morally, because the government is dictating how that decision should be made."

Conservatives have tried to equate his stance with supporting dilation & extraction (D&X, commonly referred to as partial-birth abortion by abortion opponents), but there's a federal ban against that procedure in the U.S.

Finally, as the confirmed to serve in a president's cabinet, Buttigieg has voiced concerns about an ongoing attack on LGBTQ+ rights in the U.S. – including those of the transgender community.

"I think we're actually in an exceptionally ugly moment in terms of some figures deciding that there's utility, political utility, in targeting trans people and LGBTQ people more generally," Buttigieg .

"The situation of an upper-middle-class, married white gay dude is not the same as a trans kid in Texas, or any number of LGBTQ people of color trying to survive right now," he continued. "They see political value in this. I see not only distraction, but a very real harm that's being done. And that's gonna persist until they figure out that it is not rewarding politically for them."

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